Principles and practices of mineral processing with emphasis on state- of-the-art separation technologies. Mineral deposits, sampling theory, slurry calculation, and particle motion in fluid streams. Unit operations for processing particulate materials. Crushing and grinding, screening, gravity separation, magnetic and electrostatic separation, froth flotation, dewatering and clarification. Low grade ores and by products or waste streams are examined as source material, particularly for critical minerals. Flowsheets, process selection and plant performance evaluation.