Basic principles of laser action; atomic transitions; population inversion; two and three level systems; optical resonators; pumping methods; applications.

A seminar course for teaching assistants focused on developing the art and science of teaching physics. Journal articles, books and other texts will be studied to serve as sources of discussion about the teaching and learning activities in the Department of Physics and Astronomy.

A seminar course for teaching assistants focused on developing the art and science of teaching physics laboratories. Journal articles, books and other texts will be studied to serve as sources of discussion about the teaching and learning activities in the laboratory classes in the Department of Physics and Astronomy.

The physics of stars from star formation to stellar death. Topics include stellar structure and evolution, energy generation and transport, the later stages of stellar evolution and stellar remnants.

A lecture and problem course treating electrostatics, boundary conditions, potential problems, energy in electric and magnetic fields, magnetic materials and Maxwell's equations.

A lecture and problem course dealing with the description of quantum systems in the forms of wave mechanics, matrix mechanics and state vectors. Also includes angular momentum and its addition, and approximation methods for bound states.

An introduction to field theory and many-body theory. Topics include path integral quantization, second quantization, relativistic field theory of bosons and fermions, Green's function and perturbation theory, field theories on the lattice, renormalization of scalar fields and applications to critical phenomena.

Electron band theory, lattice dynamics, electron-phonon and electron- electron interactions, superconductivity and superfluidity, Fermi liquid theory.

Half-time to full-time work on dissertation. May be repeated to a maximum of six semesters. Prereq: Registration for two full-time semesters of 769 residence credit following the successful completion of the qualifying exams.

Residency credit for dissertation research after the qualifying examination. Students may register for this course in the semester of the qualifying examination. A minimum of two semesters are required as well as continuous enrollment (Fall and Spring) until the dissertation is completed and defended.