Presentation of basic and advanced concepts to provide an integrated description of toxicology, its scope, the unique application of principles that characterize it as a science, and its professional practice. Emphases will include an extensive treatment of relationships between toxicology and environmental exposures and the influence of federal regulations on the practice of toxicology.

This course is an introduction to the science of environmental pollution with an emphasis on fate and transport of contaminants and adverse effects on biological systems. Pollutants covered include metals, pesticides, organics, radionuclides, nanomaterials, and nutrients. The course covers physiological and toxicological effects of chemicals on natural biota, including considerations at cellular, organismal, population, community, and ecosystem levels.

The course will commence with an overview of good laboratory practices and present them as the basis of good scientific research, along with an overview of quality assurance and appropriate practices in data analysis and data interpretation. The course will then move to the ethics of human and animal experimentation and discuss the concepts of data and intellectual property, their ownership and access to them. The problems of reviewing other workers' intellectual property such as grant applications, research papers and other intellectural property will be addressed.

Biology of cancer will be discussed at the molecular, cellular and organismic level. Emphasis will be placed on cellular signaling, apostosis and cell cycle unique to cancer cells, which affects tumor cell behavior and its interactions with the host immune system. The biology of hematopoitic cells will also be included. Clinicians active in treatment and research of various types of cancer will be invited to participate in the lectures.

An intensive examination of 1) the key molecular and cellular mechanisms related to toxicity and carcinogenesis, and 2) the established relationships between exposures to toxicants and development of cancer and other human diseases.

Half-time to full-time work on thesis. May be repeated to a maximum of six semesters.

May be repeated to a maximum of six semesters.

Residency credit for dissertation research after the qualifying examination. Students may register for this course in the semester of the qualifying examination. A minimum of two semesters are required as well as continuous enrollment (Fall and Spring) until the dissertation is completed and defended.

Residency credit for dissertation research after the qualifying examination. Students may register for this course in the semester of the qualifying examination. A minimum of two semesters are required as well as continuous enrollment (Fall and Spring) until the dissertation is completed and defended.

Residency credit for dissertation research after the qualifying examination. Students may register for this course in the semester of the qualifying examination. A minimum of two semesters are required as well as continuous enrollment (Fall and Spring) until the dissertation is completed and defended.