Discussion and study of advanced topics in paleoecology or paleontology and related fields. One or more field trips required. May be repeated to a maximum of six credits.

Physics of photovoltaic (PV) devices, emerging technologies, design of PV cells and systems, electronic components for signal conditioning, integration, installation, performance evaluation and economic issues related to PV systems.

Teachers are both primary recipients and implementers of educational laws. Given this front line position, a wealth of legal rights and responsibilities are bestowed on teachers. Likewise, teachers are confronted with myriad policies and procedures to follow (e.g., certification, employment, collective bargaining, termination) and with rights to protect (e.g., expression, privacy, discrimination). An overview of these rights and responsibilities for teachers is examined in ELS 606.

ELS 614 is a study of strategies that teacher leaders may utilize for mobilizing school, community, and family resources toward eliminating achievement gaps among students.

A course in writing emphasizing argument. Instruction and practice in reading critically, thinking logically, responding to texts, developing research skills, writing substantial essays through systematic revision, addressing specific audiences, expressing ideas in standard and correct English. Includes grammar and mechanics review. Notes: (a) Credit not available by special examination; (b) ENG 101 and 102 may not be taken concurrently.

Encompassing an array of genres and forms, this course examines black culture, literature, and performance from mid-20th century to present. It engages aesthetic, critical, and political issues related to seminal periods such as the Black Arts Movement of 1960's, the Third Renaissance of 1980's-90's, and the ascent of the first U.S. president of African descent. This course examines how forms of performance such as folklore and work songs, the blues, jazz, and rap, all shape cultural and literary production.

An advanced course on any aspect of literary or critical theory, in relation to selected texts. See departmental listings for different offerings per semester. May be repeated to a maximum of 9 hours under different subtitles. Prerequisite ENG 330 Text and Context or consent of the instructor. Fulfills ENG Major 400-level course requirement. Provides ENG Major Elective credit and ENG minor credit.

An advanced course on any aspect of cultural studies, in relation to selected texts. See departmental listings for different offerings per semester. May be repeated to a maximum of 9 hours under different subtitles. Prerequisite ENG 330 Text and Context or consent of the instructor. Fulfills ENG Major 400-level course requirement. Provides ENG Major Elective credit and ENG minor credit.

This course explores the development of English from its roots in Indo- European, through Old, Middle, and Early Modern English(es), culminating with a review of the English languages of today. It focuses on the phonological, grammatical, and lexical changes of the language, as well as on the social contexts of the rise and spread of English as a contemporary world language. Special emphasis is given to a linguistically informed understanding of how the language has changed in response to political and historical pressures. Fulfills the ENG Early Period requirement.

Study of special topics that cut across the normal divisions of genre or periods, such as the relations of literature to other disciplines; metaphor and symbolism; interpretative theory. May be repeated to a maximum of six credits.