May be repeated to a maximum of 12 hours.

May be repeated to a maximum of 12 hours.

May be repeated to a maximum of 12 hours.

May be repeated to a maximum of 12 hours.

Students will carry out a laboratory research project and related reference reading. Laboratory: 9-36 hours per week. May be repeated to a maximum of 12 credits.

Students will carry out a laboratory research project and related reference reading. Laboratory: 9-36 hours per week. May be repeated to a maximum of 12 credits.

Students will carry out a laboratory research project and related reference reading. Laboratory: 9-36 hours per week. May be repeated to a maximum of 12 credits.

Students will carry out a laboratory research project and related reference reading. Laboratory: 9-36 hours per week. May be repeated to a maximum of 12 credits.

Students will carry out a laboratory research project and related reference reading. Laboratory: 9-36 hours per week. May be repeated to a maximum of 12 credits.

Descriptive chemistry of amino acids and proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, and nucleic acids. Discussion of structure and function; metabolism and bioenergetics; and biological information flow. At the undergraduate level, understanding is demonstrated through hour examinations; at the graduate level, understanding is demonstrated through hour examinations and a brief paper. Lecture, three hours; one optional conference.