This course will train students to become experts in the collection, identification and evaluation of biological evidence in criminal matters and DNA testing using current DNA technologies. Methods routinely used for the isolation of DNA from cells, DNA quantitation, PCR, electrophoretic separation, and DNA sequence determination will be discussed and studied in detail. Students will implement the information obtained from lectures in complementary laboratory sessions. Students will demonstrate an understanding of the theory and practice underlying the use of instrumentation in PCR, Real-Time PCR, capillary electrophoresis, next generation sequencing, the applications of robotics and the use of DNA data bases. The complex range of considerations that need to be considered in data collection, sample storage, data interpretation, analysis and reporting will also be covered in detail. Current uses of single nucleotide polymorphisms, mitochondrial DNA analysis, Y or X chromosome analysis and nonhuman DNA will be described. The legal aspects specific to DNA testing will be incorporated to prepare students for expert witness testimony.