Global wars remade the modern world in the 20th century. These global wars fueled - were fueled by - revolutions in our understanding of science and scientific inquiry, from the physics that ushered in air travel, nuclear bombs, and computers to the chemistry and biology that fed the world while giving rise to more powerful weapons than ever before. In this class, we will examine how the scientific revolutions that brought about atomic theory, quantum mechanics, relativity, and modern agriculture were shaped by the complex relationship between science, war, and society, and how modern physics reshaped philosophical views on the nature of space, time, matter, and the very practice of science itself.