Fetal ultrasonographic findings including cerebral hyperechogenicity in a patient with non-lethal form of Raine syndrome.
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| Abstract | :  Raine syndrome is a rare osteosclerotic bone dysplasia characterized by craniofacial anomalies and intracranial calcification. Most patients with Raine syndrome are of Arab ancestry and die during the neonatal period. We herein report a Japanese patient with non-lethal Raine syndrome who presented with characteristic cerebral hyperechogenicity and a hypoplastic nose by fetal ultrasonography. She was admitted to the NICU due to pyriform aperture stenosis. Craniofacial abnormalities, intracranial calcification, osteosclerosis, chondrodysplasia punctata, and a mutation of FAM20C was identified. She was subsequently discharged without surgical intervention and is now 2 years old with mild neurodevelopmental delays. Images of cerebral hyperechogenicity by fetal ultrasonography in a non-lethal case were described herein for the first time. This patient represents a rare occurrence of a child with Raine syndrome born to Japanese parents and confirms that this syndrome is not always lethal. Even if Raine syndrome is suspected in a fetus due to cerebral hyperechogenicity and a hypoplastic nose, cerebral hyperechogenicity without pulmonary hypoplasia does not always predict lethality or severe neurodevelopmental delays. The information provided herein will be useful for prenatal counseling. | 
| Year of Publication | :  2018 | 
| Journal | :  American journal of medical genetics. Part A | 
| Date Published | :  2018 | 
| ISSN Number | :  1552-4825 | 
| URL | :  http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ajmg.a.38598 | 
| DOI | :  10.1002/ajmg.a.38598 | 
| Short Title | :  Am J Med Genet A | 
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